This course covers several biological aspects of marine mammals, from evolution to current conservation issues. The course focus on how the three major taxonomic groups of marine mammals; Cetaceans, Sirenians and Carnivora have adapted to life in the marine environment. It will enable students to acquire knowledge in current marine mammal biology and ecology, including basic skills in marine mammal observation. This course also includes procedures to monitor inshore Cetacean populations from a vessel, current issues of marine mammal interactions with humans, prospects in ecotourism, and several conservation management efforts conducted around the world and in Malaysia.